Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Suppression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by 4-PBA Protects Against Hyperoxia-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Up-Regulating Claudin-4 Expression

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674316

Figure Lengend Snippet: 4-PBA alleviates hyperoxia-induced ER stress-related proteins in lung tissues. (A) Western blot analysis of GRP78, p-PERK, p-IRE1, ATF6, CHOP, ATF4, and p-elF-2 expression in lung tissues. Relative expressions of GRP78 (B) , p-PERK (C) , p-IRE1 (D) , ATF6 (E) , CHOP (F) , ATF4 (G) , and p-elF-2 (H) in lung tissues were shown. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (3 mice per group). **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, compared with the room air group; + p < 0.05, ++ p < 0.01 compared with the hyperoxia group.

Article Snippet: The membranes were blocked for 1 hours at room temperature with 5% nonfat milk and then incubated overnight at 4°C with the following antibodies: claudin-3 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), claudin-4 (OriGene Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA), claudin-18 (Invitrogen), GRP78 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), phospho PERK (Taiclone, Taipei, Taiwan), phospho IRE1 (Abcam), ATF6 (Bioss Antibodies, Woburn, MA, USA), ATF4 (Bioss), GADD153 (CHOP, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), NF-κB p65, phospho-NF-κB p65, inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB)-α, cleaved caspase-3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, Cell Signaling Technology), and β-actin (Sigma-Aldrich).

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Suppression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by 4-PBA Protects Against Hyperoxia-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Up-Regulating Claudin-4 Expression

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674316

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic shows that hyperoxia triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses that lead to inflammation and apoptosis. The inflammation and apoptosis impair tight junction function and lung vascular permeability that induce acute lung injury. 4-PBA administration improves these phenomena. ATF4, activating transcription factor 4; ATF6, activating transcription factor 6; IRE1, inositol-requiring enzyme 1; PERK, protein kinase-like ER kinase. p-elF-2α, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α.

Article Snippet: The membranes were blocked for 1 hours at room temperature with 5% nonfat milk and then incubated overnight at 4°C with the following antibodies: claudin-3 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), claudin-4 (OriGene Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA), claudin-18 (Invitrogen), GRP78 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), phospho PERK (Taiclone, Taipei, Taiwan), phospho IRE1 (Abcam), ATF6 (Bioss Antibodies, Woburn, MA, USA), ATF4 (Bioss), GADD153 (CHOP, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), NF-κB p65, phospho-NF-κB p65, inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB)-α, cleaved caspase-3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, Cell Signaling Technology), and β-actin (Sigma-Aldrich).

Techniques: Permeability